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Courses/Accessible Interface Foundations/Keyboard paths and visible focus/
Exercise #4

Skip Links: Bypassing Blocks (WCAG 2.4.1)

Imagine visiting a news website where the header contains a top banner, 45 navigation links, a currency converter, and a weather widget.

Every time a keyboard user visits a new article, they would have to press the Tab key 52 times just to read the first sentence of the article!

The Skip Link Pattern: A 'Skip to Main Content' link is the very first focusable element in the HTML:

<a href="#main-content" class="skip-link">Skip to main content</a>
...
<main id="main-content">

In CSS, it is visually hidden off-screen by default, but slides smoothly into view when focused via keyboard Tab (.skip-link:focus { top: 0; }). Pressing Enter instantly jumps focus directly into <main>.

Topics

Sequential Focus Navigation & DOM Order
The Crime of 'outline: none'
The Three Tabindex Rules: 0, -1, and Never > 0
Skip Links: Bypassing Blocks (WCAG 2.4.1)
Modal Dialogues: The Sacred Focus Trap
Escape Key Dismissal: WCAG 1.4.13 & 2.1.2
Composite Widgets: Arrow Keys vs Tab Key
Single-Page App (SPA) Route Transitions
Target Size & Spacing (WCAG 2.5.5 / 2.5.8)
Master Challenge: Auditing a Broken Modal Dialogue

From lesson

2

Keyboard paths and visible focus

Level 1 · Accessible interaction basics

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