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Courses/Introduction to Design Systems/Typography Systems: Hierarchy & Scale/
Exercise #9

Fluid Typography with CSS `clamp()`

In the past, responsive typography required dozens of @media queries with stepped jumps: at 768px, a headline would abruptly snap from 32px to 44px.

Modern design systems use fluid typography via CSS clamp():

:root {
  --font-size-display: clamp(2rem, 1.5rem + 2.5vw, 3.75rem);
}
  • 2rem (32px): The minimum font size on mobile screens.
  • 1.5rem + 2.5vw: The preferred fluid rate, growing smoothly as viewport width expands.
  • 3.75rem (60px): The maximum font size cap on ultra-wide desktop monitors.

Fluid scales eliminate abrupt visual jumps, ensuring headings scale gracefully across foldable phones, tablets, laptops, and 4K displays.

Topics

The Role of Typography in Product UX
Modular Type Scales & Mathematical Ratios
Line Height (Leading) & The Inverse Proportion Rule
Letter Spacing (Tracking): Optical Adjustments
Measure & Line Length: The 45–75 Character Rule
Font Weights & Semantic Role Assignment
Tabular Figures: Aligning Numbers in Data Tables
System Fonts vs Custom Web Fonts: Performance Tradeoffs
Fluid Typography with CSS `clamp()`
Challenge: Architecting a Production Typography Scale

From lesson

4

Typography Systems: Hierarchy & Scale

Level 3 · Design Tokens & Foundations

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